CULTURAL CONDITIONS

Plant Min Zone: 3a

Plant Max Zone: 9a

Sunlight: All Day Full Sun, Full Sun, Part Sun

Water / Rainfall: Low, Average

Soil Quality: Poor, Average, Rich

FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE

Bloom Season: Summer, Late Summer, Fall

Flower Color: Yellow, Gold, Brown-Beige

Berry / Fruit Color: Black

Spring Foliage Color: Green

Summer Foliage Color: Green

Fall Foliage Color: Green

Evergreen Foliage: Some

Winter Interest: Yes

Scented Flowers: No

PLANT TOLERANCES

Drought Tolerance: Medium, High

Wet-Feet Tolerance: Low

Humidity Tolerance: Medium, High

Wind Tolerance: High

Poor Soil Tolerance: Rocky Soils, Sandy Soils, Shallow Soils, Clay Soils, Alkaline Soils (high PH)

GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE

Height: 1.5' - 2.5'

Width: 1.5' - 2.5'

Growth Rate: Fast

Service Life: Short: 1-3 years

Maintenance Need: Low

Spreading Potential: Medium

Yearly Trimming Tips: Trim Perennial to 6-12" off Ground in Early Spring before New Growth: Has Winter Interest.

PLANT USES AND LIMITATIONS

Plant Grouping Size: Medium Grouping of 5-10, Mass Planting of 10 or more

Best Side of House: South Exposure, West Exposure, East Exposure, North Exposure

Extreme Planting Locations: Survives Severe Drought, Tolerates Extreme Heat, Top of Retaining Wall Locations

Ornamental Features: Multiple Seasons of Interest, Long Blooming Season, Long Lasting Fall Color

Special Landscape Uses: Groundcover, Naturalizing

Possible Pest Problems: Rabbits, Foliage Disease

Plant Limitations: May get Occasional Winter-kill, Unwanted Self-seeding